Hajb (Blocking)
حجب
Pronunciation: HAJB
The rule in Islamic inheritance by which a nearer heir reduces or excludes a more distant one.
Definition
Hajb is the principle in Islamic inheritance (Faraid) whereby the presence of a nearer or stronger heir reduces or completely excludes a more distant one. For example, a son blocks the deceased's brothers and sisters entirely, a father blocks the grandfather, and a mother blocks the grandmother. Partial blocking (hajb nuqsan) reduces a share — a spouse drops from 1/2 to 1/4, or 1/4 to 1/8, when descendants exist.
Understanding hajb is essential because it explains why some relatives inherit nothing even when they are close. A Faraid calculator applies blocking automatically.
Related Terms
Faraidفرائض
Islamic inheritance law prescribing fixed shares for heirs based on Quranic guidelines.
ʿAsaba (Residuary Heirs)عصبة
Residuary heirs in Islamic inheritance who take whatever remains after the fixed-share heirs are paid.
Raddرَدّ
Proportional reapportionment of an estate to Qur'anic heirs when the prescribed shares total less than 100%.
ʿAwl (Proportional Reduction)عول
Proportional reduction of inheritance shares when the fixed fractions add up to more than the whole estate.
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Hajb (Blocking) (حجب) — The rule in Islamic inheritance by which a nearer heir reduces or excludes a more distant one. Hajb is the principle in Islamic inheritance (Faraid) whereby the presence of a nearer or stronger heir reduces or completely excludes a more distant one. For example, a son blocks the deceased's brothers and sisters entirely, a father blocks the grandfather, and a mother blocks the grandmother.
- The rule in Islamic inheritance by which a nearer heir reduces or excludes a more distant one.
- Category: Estate Planning
- Related: Faraid, ʿAsaba (Residuary Heirs), Radd, ʿAwl (Proportional Reduction)
- Compare related Shariah-compliant products on HalalWallet
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Reviewed by: HalalWallet Editorial Team
Last reviewed: 2026-06-01
Editorial Team, HalalWallet
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