{ "_meta": { "dataset": "halal-finance-research-library-us", "name": "Halal Finance Research Library — Reviewed Corpus (U.S.)", "description": "HalalWallet's human-reviewed research corpus — vetted briefs on Islamic finance, halal investing, estate planning, sukuk, takaful, and global markets — each with its primary source, author, date, key entities, and machine-readable links to the contract structures, providers, and U.S. states it references.", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/data/halal-finance-research-library-us", "downloadUrl": "https://www.halalwallet.us/api/data/halal-finance-research-library-us.json", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "HalalWallet", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us", "logo": "https://www.halalwallet.us/mainlogo_1.png" }, "license": "CC BY 4.0", "licenseUrl": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "datePublished": "2026-06-30", "dateModified": "2026-06-30", "temporalCoverage": "2024/..", "spatialCoverage": "United States", "citation": "HalalWallet. \"Halal Finance Research Library — Reviewed Corpus (U.S.).\" 2026-06-30. https://www.halalwallet.us/data/halal-finance-research-library-us", "changelog": [ { "date": "2026-06-30", "note": "Initial public release: human-reviewed research corpus joined to the HalalWallet entity graph (contract structures, providers, U.S. states)." } ], "generatedAt": "2026-07-01T02:24:00.521Z", "summary": { "totalReviewed": 34, "linkedToGraph": 21, "byCategory": { "takaful": 1, "regulatory": 2, "investing": 3, "general": 10, "sukuk": 1, "capital_markets": 1, "estate_planning": 12, "market_data": 1, "islamic_contracts": 1, "home_financing": 2 }, "distinctGlossaryLinked": 14, "distinctProvidersLinked": 8, "distinctStatesLinked": 6, "asOf": "2026-07-01", "note": "Only human-reviewed, published research entries (the /insights set) are included. Each is joined to the contract structures, providers, and U.S. states it references; unmatched references (foreign markets, organizations) are intentionally not coerced into graph edges." } }, "records": [ { "slug": "takaful-explained-why-it-doesnt-exist-in-the-us-yet", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/takaful-explained-why-it-doesnt-exist-in-the-us-yet", "title": "Understanding Takaful: The Absence of Islamic Insurance in the U.S.", "summary": "Takaful, a cooperative insurance model, is missing in the U.S. despite its global success.", "category": "takaful", "subcategory": "consumer_explainer", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "There is no licensed takaful operator in the United States. Here's how it works elsewhere, why U.S. Muslims have to rely on workarounds, and what to ask conventional insurers in the meantime.", "tags": [ "takaful", "green_finance", "germany", "india", "indonesia", "iran", "kuwait", "malaysia", "turkey", "uk", "banking", "waqf", "zakat", "pakistan", "us", "market_statistics", "trade_finance", "fintech", "corporate", "saudi_arabia", "multi_entity", "sukuk", "oman", "maldives", "russia", "nigeria", "real_estate", "qatar", "singapore" ], "keyEntities": [ "Dr Johannes Engels", "BaFin", "Kuveyt Turk Bank", "KT Bank", "Entschadigungseinrichtung deutscher Banken GmbH", "Germany", "Indonesia", "Gulf states", "Malaysia", "Frankfurt upon Main", "Berlin", "Mannheim", "Cologne", "Munich", "KTO Karatay University", "International Council of Islamic Finance Educators", "IIUM Institute of Islamic Banking and Finance", "Turkey", "Islamic Finance Development Report", "UK", "US", "Pakistan", "International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management", "Abbas Raza Varyala", "Bank Alhabib", "World Trade Organization", "World Bank", "International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation", "OIC", "DDCAP Group™" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "aaoifi-vs-ifsb-shariah-governance-explained", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/aaoifi-vs-ifsb-shariah-governance-explained", "title": "Understanding AAOIFI and IFSB: Shariah Governance in Global Finance", "summary": "Explore how AAOIFI and IFSB shape halal finance standards for American Muslims.", "category": "regulatory", "subcategory": "standards_bodies", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "When a U.S. halal ETF claims 'AAOIFI-compliant', what does that actually mean? Here's the plain-English explainer of the two bodies that gatekeep global halal finance.", "tags": [ "musharakah", "diminishing_musharakah", "aaoifi", "standard_no_12", "wad", "muwaadah", "clause_5", "documentation", "wakalah", "iifm", "documentation_standards", "interbank_wakalah", "master_agreement", "collateral_management", "standardization", "cross_border", "sukuk", "shariah_standard_17", "14_sukuk_types", "compliance", "purchase_undertaking", "ownership", "regulation", "14_types", "ijarah_sukuk", "musharakah_sukuk", "mudarabah_sukuk", "wakalah_sukuk", "murabahah_sukuk", "salam_sukuk", "istisna_sukuk", "classification", "crowdfunding", "blockchain", "real_estate", "microfinance", "cybersecurity", "ai_ml", "iraq", "japan", "jordan", "kazakhstan", "kenya", "kuwait", "lebanon", "luxembourg", "malaysia", "maldives", "nigeria", "oman", "pakistan", "philippines", "qatar", "russia", "saudi_arabia", "singapore", "somalia", "south_africa", "sri_lanka", "tanzania", "tunisia", "fintech", "green_finance", "sme", "us", "takaful", "banking", "indonesia", "waqf", "zakat", "india", "bahrain", "uae", "afghanistan", "bangladesh", "united_states", "yemen" ], "keyEntities": [ "AAOIFI", "Diminishing Musharakah", "International Islamic Financial Market", "Bahrain", "IIFM Interbank Unrestricted Master Investment Wakalah Agreement", "IIFM/ISDA Tahawwut Master Agreement", "IIFM Master Collateral Management Agreement", "Sukuk", "Ijarah Sukuk", "Salam Sukuk", "Istisna Sukuk", "Murabahah Sukuk", "Musharakah Sukuk", "Mudarabah Sukuk", "Wakalah Sukuk", "Muzara'ah Sukuk", "Musaqah Sukuk", "Mugharasah Sukuk", "Sukuk of ownership in leased assets", "Sukuk of ownership in usufruct of existing assets", "Sukuk of ownership in usufruct of described future assets", "Sukuk of ownership in services from an existing party", "Muzara'ah", "Musaqah", "Mugharasah", "Wakeel", "Iraq", "Ivory Coast", "Japan", "Jordan" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "aaoifi", "term": "AAOIFI", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/aaoifi" }, { "slug": "diminishing-partnership", "term": "Diminishing Partnership", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/diminishing-partnership" }, { "slug": "sukuk", "term": "Sukuk", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/sukuk" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "islamic-funds-and-etfs-state-of-the-industry-2026", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/islamic-funds-and-etfs-state-of-the-industry-2026", "title": "Mapping the Islamic Fund and ETF Landscape for U.S. Investors in 2026", "summary": "Despite a growing global Islamic fund market, U.S. Muslims face limited access to investment options.", "category": "investing", "subcategory": "funds_landscape", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "The global Islamic fund market is bigger than most U.S. Muslims realize, but only a fraction of it is accessible from a U.S. brokerage account. Here's the gap.", "tags": [ "investing", "sukuk", "mutual_funds", "etf", "amana", "retirement", "401k", "regulation_s", "green_finance", "ai_ml", "us", "market_statistics", "corporate", "hong_kong", "iran", "malaysia", "canada", "russia", "real_estate", "trade_finance", "saudi_arabia", "singapore", "uk", "palestine" ], "keyEntities": [ "Amana Growth and Income Funds", "East Cameron Gas Sukuk", "General Electric Sukuk", "Regulation S", "LSEG Lipper", "JP Morgan", "PWC", "S&P 500", "Africa", "Latin America", "Middle East", "Baran AMC", "Mohammad Masoud Gholampour", "State Street Global Advisors", "S&P", "American Stock Exchange", "Securities and Exchanges Commission", "PwC", "S&P Global", "University of Sydney", "MSCI World Islamic ETF", "Islamic finance", "ETFGI", "Mahsa Tavakoli", "Iran Fara Bourse Securities Exchange", "Bursa Malaysia", "CFA Institute", "United Nations", "Principles for Responsible Investment", "Tariq Dennison" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "saudi-arabia-islamic-finance-market-2026", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/saudi-arabia-islamic-finance-market-2026", "title": "Saudi Arabia's Islamic Finance Market: Key Insights for U.S. Muslims", "summary": "Understanding Saudi Arabia's pivotal role in global Islamic finance is essential for U.S. Muslims navigating investment opportunities.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "country_deep_dive", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "Saudi Arabia issues more sovereign sukuk than any other country and is reshaping global halal finance. Here's the brief for U.S. Muslims watching from across the Atlantic.", "tags": [ "real_estate", "corporate", "china", "japan", "saudi_arabia", "us", "market_statistics", "takaful", "banking", "microfinance", "senegal", "green_finance", "indonesia", "malaysia", "qatar", "singapore", "sukuk", "uae", "sovereign" ], "keyEntities": [ "Nabil A Issa", "Saud Aldawsari", "King & Spalding", "Saudi Arabia", "SABIC", "Saudi Aramco", "Western Union", "stc pay", "Saudi Arabian Minister of Commerce", "Saudi Arabian Capital Market Authority", "Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority", "Ministry of Investment", "Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority", "World Bank", "CanSino", "Ease of Doing Business Index", "Pharmaceutical and Herbal Establishments and Substances Regulation", "Osama Zaid", "Law Office of Mohammed Al Ammar", "Saudi Capital Market Authority", "SAMBA Financial Group", "National Commercial Bank", "Saudi National Bank", "Public Investment Fund", "Neom", "Six Flags Park", "National Center for Privatization", "Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs and Housing", "Saudi Food and Drugs Authority", "Nuclear and Radiological Regulatory Authority" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "global-sukuk-market-us-investor-guide-2026", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/global-sukuk-market-us-investor-guide-2026", "title": "Where the Global Sukuk Market Actually Grew in 2025", "summary": "In 2026, U.S. Muslim investors can tap into a booming sukuk market with significant growth and opportunities.", "category": "sukuk", "subcategory": "market_overview", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "Sukuk are the closest thing to halal bonds — but most U.S. Muslims have never bought one. Here's the global picture and which sukuk ETFs trade on U.S. exchanges.", "tags": [ "sukuk", "banking", "sovereign", "afghanistan", "malaysia", "turkey", "us", "green_finance", "takaful", "fintech", "crowdfunding", "real_estate", "trade_finance", "microfinance", "halal_economy", "corporate", "egypt", "france", "germany", "hong_kong", "india", "indonesia", "iran", "jordan", "kazakhstan", "kenya", "kuwait", "luxembourg", "maldives", "morocco", "nigeria", "oman", "pakistan", "philippines", "qatar", "russia", "saudi_arabia", "senegal", "singapore", "south_africa", "sri_lanka", "syria", "tunisia", "uae", "bahrain", "uk", "market_statistics", "sme", "iraq" ], "keyEntities": [ "Murabahah", "Ijarah", "Istisnah", "Italian government", "Sukuk", "AAOIFI", "Bank of Italy", "Halal Italia", "CO.RE.IS.", "Turin", "Italy", "Afghanistan", "IsDB", "IFSB", "UNDP", "Huseyin Unal", "Insurance and Private Pension Regulation and Supervision Agency of Turkey", "Turkey", "Dow Jones Sukuk Index", "iBoxx $ Overall", "S&P Dow Jones Indices", "Donald Trump", "Ukraine", "Middle East", "Africa", "GCC", "Southeast Asia", "IFN Annual Guide", "Boubyan Bank", "Egypt" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "aaoifi", "term": "AAOIFI", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/aaoifi" }, { "slug": "gcc", "term": "GCC", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/gcc" }, { "slug": "ifsb", "term": "IFSB", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/ifsb" }, { "slug": "ijara", "term": "Ijara", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/ijara" }, { "slug": "istisna", "term": "Istisna'a", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/istisna" }, { "slug": "murabaha", "term": "Murabaha", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/murabaha" }, { "slug": "sukuk", "term": "Sukuk", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/sukuk" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "uk-islamic-finance-european-hub", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/uk-islamic-finance-european-hub", "title": "How the UK Became Europe's Hub for Islamic Finance", "summary": "The UK's robust Islamic finance market offers insights for the U.S. on potential growth.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "country_deep_dive", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "The UK has dedicated Islamic banks, sovereign sukuk, and FCA-regulated mortgages. The U.S. has none of those. Here's how Britain got there — and what it would take in America.", "tags": [ "sukuk_salam", "debt_trading", "non_tradeable", "discounting", "factoring", "forfaiting", "central_bank_bahrain", "istisna_introduction", "financial_crisis_2008", "musharakah", "sukuk", "sukuk_musharakah", "capital_markets", "tradability", "spv", "islamic_bonds", "takaful", "wakalah", "wakalah_sukuk", "mudarabah_sukuk", "ijarah_sukuk", "asset_pool", "iilm", "sovereign_sukuk", "islamic_capital_markets", "capital_preservation", "purchase_undertaking", "wad", "aaoifi_2008_resolution", "guaranteed_returns", "shariah_debate", "risk_participation", "bonds", "comparison", "ownership", "debt", "asset_backed", "asset_based", "riba", "aaoifi", "14_types", "musharakah_sukuk", "murabahah_sukuk", "salam_sukuk", "istisna_sukuk", "classification", "lease", "rental_income", "libor", "sofr", "secondary_market", "tangibility_ratio", "liquidity", "standardization", "risk_profile", "credit_rating", "basel", "capital_charges", "variable_returns", "reserve_account", "portfolio_construction", "investment_agency", "wakeel", "diversified_portfolio", "expected_profit_rate", "flexibility" ], "keyEntities": [ "Central Bank of Bahrain", "Sukuk Musharakah", "AAOIFI", "Takaful", "Wakalah Sukuk", "Mudarabah Sukuk", "Ijarah Sukuk", "Government of Malaysia", "International Islamic Liquidity Management Corporation", "GCC", "AAOIFI Shariah Board", "Mudarib", "Wakeel", "Sukuk", "Musharakah Sukuk", "Murabahah Sukuk", "conventional bonds", "Salam Sukuk", "Istisna Sukuk", "Muzara'ah", "Musaqah", "Mugharasah", "LIBOR", "SOFR", "Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)", "Organisation of Islamic Cooperation", "OIC Fiqh Academy", "International Islamic Financial Market", "Malaysia", "Standard & Poor's" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "aaoifi", "term": "AAOIFI", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/aaoifi" }, { "slug": "gcc", "term": "GCC", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/gcc" }, { "slug": "mudarib", "term": "Mudarib", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/mudarib" }, { "slug": "sukuk", "term": "Sukuk", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/sukuk" }, { "slug": "takaful", "term": "Takaful", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/takaful" } ], "linkedProviders": [ { "name": "Takaful America", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/takaful-america" } ], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "uae-islamic-finance-hub-explained", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/uae-islamic-finance-hub-explained", "title": "How Dubai and Abu Dhabi Became Global Islamic Finance Hubs", "summary": "The UAE's dual-hub model is reshaping the landscape of Islamic finance for American Muslims.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "country_deep_dive", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "Most of the halal ETFs and sukuk funds U.S. Muslims can buy trace back to UAE infrastructure. Here's why that matters for what shows up in your American brokerage account.", "tags": [ "sukuk", "green_finance", "egypt", "iraq", "saudi_arabia", "uae", "us", "market_statistics", "musharakah", "diminishing_musharakah", "case_study", "dubai", "villa", "home_financing", "payment_mechanics", "aed", "trade_finance", "uk", "indonesia", "luxembourg", "malaysia", "qatar", "takaful", "banking", "multi_entity", "sovereign", "corporate", "kuwait", "bahrain", "brunei", "canada", "china", "france", "germany", "hong_kong", "india", "iran", "jordan", "lebanon", "nigeria", "pakistan", "turkey", "fintech" ], "keyEntities": [ "Islamic Research and Training Institute", "Islamic Development Bank", "Dana Gas", "JPMorgan", "Deutsche Bank", "BlackRock", "Ashmore Group", "Spinnaker Capital", "Irish Stock Exchange", "UAE", "Iraq", "Dubai", "Islamic bank", "Diminishing Musharakah", "AED", "DDCAP Group", "Dr Bandar Hajjar", "IsDB Group", "International Labour Organization", "IMF", "World Bank", "Indonesia", "Qatar", "Malaysia", "Saudi Arabia", "Jersey", "Luxembourg", "MIFC", "Ihsan Sukuk", "Tadau Energy" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "diminishing-partnership", "term": "Diminishing Partnership", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/diminishing-partnership" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "malaysia-islamic-finance-pioneer", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/malaysia-islamic-finance-pioneer", "title": "How Malaysia Became the Global Pioneer of Islamic Finance", "summary": "Malaysia's innovations in Islamic finance set the stage for global standards that U.S. Muslims now rely on.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "country_deep_dive", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "Most of the global Shariah standards your U.S. halal ETF relies on were stress-tested in Malaysia first. Here's why that history matters.", "tags": [ "sukuk", "green_sukuk", "malaysia", "indonesia", "saudi_arabia", "sri_framework", "sustainable_finance", "vision_2030", "isdb", "tax_incentive", "takaful", "banking", "green_finance", "corporate", "us", "market_statistics", "sovereign", "bahrain", "kuwait", "qatar", "fintech", "crowdfunding", "blockchain", "microfinance", "ai_ml", "trade_finance", "sme", "egypt", "maldives" ], "keyEntities": [ "Malaysia", "Securities Commission Malaysia", "Indonesia", "Saudi Electricity Company", "Islamic Development Bank", "Nigeria", "Morocco", "Singapore Exchange", "Perbadanan Insurans Deposit Malaysia", "Shariah Advisory Council", "Central Banking Act 2009", "Capital Market and Services Act", "Islamic Financial Services Act 2013", "MySalam protection scheme", "Central Bank of Malaysia", "Islamic Financial Services Act", "Capital Market Services Act", "Government Funding Act", "Malaysia Deposit Insurance Corporation Act", "Asian International Arbitration Center", "Judicial system", "Ombudsman for Financial Services", "Shariah Governance Framework", "Khazanah", "SC", "Bursa Malaysia", "FTSE4Good Raise Malaysia", "Azleena Idris", "Chartered Institute of Islamic Finance Professional", "PayNet Malaysia" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "indonesia-halal-economy-largest-muslim-market", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/indonesia-halal-economy-largest-muslim-market", "title": "Indonesia's Halal Economy: A Blueprint for Global Islamic Finance", "summary": "Indonesia's robust halal economy reveals trends that could reshape global Islamic finance, including the U.S. market.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "country_deep_dive", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "Indonesia has more Muslims than the entire Middle East combined. What its halal-economy build-out signals about the products coming to global markets — including the U.S. — over the next decade.", "tags": [ "sukuk", "banking", "sovereign", "indonesia", "fintech", "green_finance", "waqf", "zakat", "us", "market_statistics", "crowdfunding", "malaysia" ], "keyEntities": [ "Irwan Abdalloh", "Indonesia Stock Exchange", "Bank Indonesia", "Bank Syariah Indonesia", "OECD", "Asian Development Bank", "Indonesian Sharia Stock Index", "JCI", "Sukuk", "Indonesia", "Jakarta Islamic Index", "Indonesia Sharia Stock Index", "Fatwa No 80 DSN MUI", "Sharia Online Trading System", "Savings Sukuk", "global sovereign green Sukuk", "green retail Sukuk", "Zakat and Infaq", "tradable stock Waqf", "Financial Services Authority", "National Sharia Board (DSN MUI)", "Indonesian Central Statistics Agency", "Bank Syariah Nasional", "Indonesia Islamic Stock Index (ISSI)", "Jakarta Composite Index", "Financial Services Authority (OJK)", "COVID-19", "World Bank", "IMF", "Central Bureau of Statistics" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "sukuk", "term": "Sukuk", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/sukuk" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "esg-sukuk-and-islamic-green-finance", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/esg-sukuk-and-islamic-green-finance", "title": "The Convergence of ESG and Sukuk: A New Era for Halal Investing", "summary": "American Muslims can align their values with investments in ESG sukuk, a growing segment of the halal finance market.", "category": "capital_markets", "subcategory": "esg_sukuk", "source": "HalalWallet Editorial", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-21", "usRelevance": "Halal investing and ESG investing aren't the same — but they overlap more than most U.S. Muslims realize. Here's where the two converge, and which U.S.-listed funds capture both lenses.", "tags": [ "sukuk", "green_sukuk", "esg", "sustainable_finance", "renewable_energy", "malaysia", "indonesia", "icma", "maqasid", "khalifah", "saudi_arabia", "sri_framework", "vision_2030", "isdb", "tax_incentive", "sri", "ethical_investing", "convergence", "non_muslim_appeal", "values_alignment", "green_finance", "uk", "us", "market_statistics", "corporate", "crowdfunding", "microfinance", "sovereign", "sme", "waqf", "takaful", "fintech", "real_estate", "trade_finance", "halal_economy", "india", "iran", "iraq", "japan", "jordan", "kazakhstan", "kenya", "kuwait", "lebanon", "maldives", "morocco", "nigeria", "oman", "pakistan", "philippines", "qatar", "russia", "senegal", "singapore", "south_africa", "sri_lanka", "tanzania", "tunisia", "uzbekistan", "brunei", "thailand", "banking", "uae", "multi_entity", "blockchain", "egypt" ], "keyEntities": [ "Tadau Energy", "Malaysia", "Indonesia", "International Capital Market Association", "Securities Commission Malaysia", "Saudi Electricity Company", "Islamic Development Bank", "Nigeria", "Morocco", "Singapore Exchange", "Dr Aamir A Rehman", "Columbia University’s Richman Center for Business, Law, and Public Policy", "Bloomberg Intelligence", "High-Level Working Group on Green and Sustainable Sukuk", "COP26", "UKIFC", "GEFI", "London Stock Exchange", "HM Treasury (UK)", "Indonesia’s Ministry of Finance", "IsDB", "UNDP", "IsDB Transform Fund", "Durham University Business School", "Navina Balasingam", "Capital Markets Malaysia", "Sustainable and Responsible Investment (SRI) Sukuk Framework", "Green Technology Financing Scheme 3.0", "Danajamin Nasional", "Sukuk Prihatin" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "1b08319c-caliph-umar-ibn-al-khattab-on-recognizing-women-s-contributions-to-mari", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/1b08319c-caliph-umar-ibn-al-khattab-on-recognizing-women-s-contributions-to-mari", "title": "Caliph 'Umar ibn al-Khattab on recognizing women's contributions to marital wealth", "summary": "Reports from the second Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab document recognition of women's economic contributions to the marital household — important context for contemporary discussions of community property and the Islamic alternative to default 50/50 marital ownership.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "marriage_and_wealth", "source": "HalalWallet Legal Research / classical sources on the early Caliphate", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "2026-05-20", "usRelevance": "Important argumentative ammunition for the /islamic-prenup hub, particularly the community-property discussion. Supports the editorial position that an Islamic prenup is not opposed to recognizing women's contributions — it is opposed to the U.S. community-property regime's automatic 50/50 presumption.", "tags": [ "caliph_umar", "marital_wealth", "community_property", "islamic_prenup", "classical_precedent" ], "keyEntities": [ "Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab", "Abed Awad", "Community Property", "Islamic Prenup" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "2cd4dd32-mahr-as-a-debt-of-the-estate-quran-4-11-and-probate-enforceability", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/2cd4dd32-mahr-as-a-debt-of-the-estate-quran-4-11-and-probate-enforceability", "title": "Mahr as a debt of the estate — Quran 4:11 and probate enforceability", "summary": "Quran 4:11 instructs that debts and bequests are paid from the gross estate before Faraid distribution. Classical fiqh treats the unpaid portion of the mahr as a debt the husband owes his wife — making it the first claim on his estate at death. This protection is largely lost in U.S. probate when the mahr is undocumented.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "mahr_and_inheritance", "source": "Quran 4:11 + classical fiqh + U.S. probate practice", "sourceAuthor": "HalalWallet Editorial Team", "sourceUrl": "https://quran.com/4/11", "sourceDate": "2026-05-20", "usRelevance": "Powers the sixth vulnerability on /islamic-prenup ('Even at death, an undocumented mahr is a debt the widow can't collect'). Cross-referenced in /islamic-will, /blog/hajj-2026-preparation-checklist-muslim-families, and /blog/islamic-will-before-hajj-2026.", "tags": [ "mahr", "faraid", "estate_planning", "probate", "islamic_prenup", "marriage_planning" ], "keyEntities": [ "Quran 4:11", "Faraid", "Mahr", "U.S. probate" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "faraid", "term": "Faraid", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/faraid" }, { "slug": "mahr", "term": "Mahr", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/mahr" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "c87790e4-u-s-muslim-demographics-and-islamic-finance-growth-drivers", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/c87790e4-u-s-muslim-demographics-and-islamic-finance-growth-drivers", "title": "U.S. Muslim Demographics and Islamic Finance Growth Drivers", "summary": "Key demographic trends and growth drivers fueling Islamic finance expansion in the United States.", "category": "market_data", "subcategory": "demographics", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Essential for market sizing content, business case articles, and 'state of the industry' pieces.", "tags": [ "demographics", "growth_drivers", "market_size", "muslim_population", "halal_ecosystem" ], "keyEntities": [ "Pew Research Center" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "a265c0bc-islamic-finance-in-the-u-s-ethical-convergence-framework", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/a265c0bc-islamic-finance-in-the-u-s-ethical-convergence-framework", "title": "Islamic Finance in the U.S.: Ethical Convergence Framework", "summary": "Academic paper analyzing how Islamic finance in the U.S. is converging with mainstream ESG/SRI investing through shared ethical principles, creating appeal far beyond the Muslim consumer base.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "ethical_convergence", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Directly focused on U.S. Islamic finance. Provides academic framework for positioning Islamic finance as ethical/mainstream rather than niche/religious.", "tags": [ "ethical_convergence", "esg", "sri", "islamic_finance_usa", "academic_research", "growth_potential", "regulatory" ], "keyEntities": [ "Mohammad Kabir Hassan", "University of New Orleans", "AQU Journal of Islamic Economics", "Guidance Residential", "LARIBA", "UIF", "Devon Bank", "Saturna Capital", "Amana Funds", "Azzad Asset Management" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [ { "name": "Amana Funds", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/amana-funds" }, { "name": "Azzad Asset Management", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/azzad-asset-management" }, { "name": "Devon Bank", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/devon-bank" }, { "name": "Guidance Residential", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/guidance-residential" }, { "name": "LARIBA American Finance House", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/lariba-american-finance-house" } ], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "4a802de6-core-islamic-finance-concepts-riba-gharar-and-haram", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/4a802de6-core-islamic-finance-concepts-riba-gharar-and-haram", "title": "Core Islamic Finance Concepts: Riba, Gharar, and Haram", "summary": "Academic definitions of the three foundational prohibitions in Islamic finance and their practical implications.", "category": "islamic_contracts", "subcategory": "foundational_concepts", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Foundational educational content. Reference for explainer articles, glossary pages, and 'What is Islamic Finance?' content.", "tags": [ "riba", "gharar", "haram", "shariah", "fundamentals", "glossary", "education" ], "keyEntities": [], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "a7ea4c43-history-of-islamic-finance-institutions-in-the-united-states", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/a7ea4c43-history-of-islamic-finance-institutions-in-the-united-states", "title": "History of Islamic Finance Institutions in the United States", "summary": "Timeline of Islamic finance's development in the U.S. from the late 1980s to present, including key institutional milestones and the role of demographics.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "institutional_history", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Core U.S. history. Useful for 'History of Islamic Finance in America' content and provider profiles.", "tags": [ "history", "institutional_development", "usa", "demographics", "freddie_mac", "lariba", "guidance_residential" ], "keyEntities": [ "LARIBA", "United Bank of Kuwait", "Guidance Residential", "Freddie Mac" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [ { "name": "Guidance Residential", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/guidance-residential" }, { "name": "LARIBA American Finance House", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/lariba-american-finance-house" } ], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "b54d96d7-untapped-u-s-islamic-finance-opportunities-retirement-takaful-and-halal", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/b54d96d7-untapped-u-s-islamic-finance-opportunities-retirement-takaful-and-halal", "title": "Untapped U.S. Islamic Finance Opportunities: Retirement, Takaful, and Halal Ecosystem", "summary": "Key growth opportunities for Islamic finance in the U.S. including Shariah-compliant retirement products, takaful insurance, and halal ecosystem integration.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "future_opportunities", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Strong content angles for forward-looking articles: 'Why Islamic 401(k)s Are Coming', takaful explainers, halal economy integration pieces.", "tags": [ "retirement", "401k", "takaful", "insurance", "halal_ecosystem", "sukuk", "future", "opportunities", "wholesale_banking" ], "keyEntities": [ "ERISA", "AAOIFI" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "aaoifi", "term": "AAOIFI", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/aaoifi" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "9c250d23-u-s-islamic-finance-provider-landscape-and-market-shares", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/9c250d23-u-s-islamic-finance-provider-landscape-and-market-shares", "title": "U.S. Islamic Finance Provider Landscape and Market Shares", "summary": "Overview of key U.S. Islamic finance providers across retail, investment, and wholesale segments with specific market data points.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "provider_landscape", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Direct provider intelligence for comparison articles, provider profiles, and market sizing content.", "tags": [ "providers", "market_share", "guidance_residential", "amana_funds", "uif", "devon_bank", "market_data" ], "keyEntities": [ "Guidance Residential", "University Islamic Financial", "Devon Bank", "Saturna Capital", "Amana Growth Fund", "Azzad Asset Management", "Shariah Capital" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [ { "name": "Azzad Asset Management", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/azzad-asset-management" }, { "name": "Devon Bank", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/devon-bank" }, { "name": "Guidance Residential", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/guidance-residential" }, { "name": "University Islamic Financial", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/university-islamic-financial" } ], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "2f3a5ab1-islamic-home-financing-structures-in-the-u-s-musharaka-murabaha-and-ija", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/2f3a5ab1-islamic-home-financing-structures-in-the-u-s-musharaka-murabaha-and-ija", "title": "Islamic Home Financing Structures in the U.S.: Musharaka, Murabaha, and Ijara", "summary": "Detailed explanation of the three main Islamic home financing structures used in the U.S. and how regulators have accommodated them.", "category": "home_financing", "subcategory": "contract_structures", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Essential reference for home financing explainer content, how-it-works articles, and comparison pages.", "tags": [ "home_financing", "musharaka", "murabaha", "ijara", "contract_mechanics", "occ", "regulatory" ], "keyEntities": [ "Office of the Comptroller of the Currency", "Guidance Residential", "UIF" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [ { "name": "Guidance Residential", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/guidance-residential" } ], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "3a0f0c3b-islamic-investment-funds-and-sukuk-in-the-u-s", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/3a0f0c3b-islamic-investment-funds-and-sukuk-in-the-u-s", "title": "Islamic Investment Funds and Sukuk in the U.S.", "summary": "Overview of Shariah-compliant investment funds and sukuk issuances in the U.S., including key examples and barriers to growth.", "category": "investing", "subcategory": "sukuk_and_funds", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Key reference for investing content, sukuk explainers, and retirement planning articles. The 401(k) gap is a strong content angle.", "tags": [ "investing", "sukuk", "mutual_funds", "etf", "amana", "retirement", "401k", "regulation_s" ], "keyEntities": [ "Amana Growth Fund", "Amana Income Fund", "East Cameron Gas Sukuk", "General Electric", "Saturna Capital", "SEC", "Regulation S" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "2cdd9139-sacred-law-in-secular-systems-shariawiz-and-digital-inheritance-fiqh-am", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/2cdd9139-sacred-law-in-secular-systems-shariawiz-and-digital-inheritance-fiqh-am", "title": "Sacred Law in Secular Systems: Shariawiz and Digital Inheritance Fiqh among Muslim Minorities in the United States", "summary": "Peer-reviewed academic study examining ShariaWiz as a case of digital Islamic inheritance fiqh for Muslim minorities in the United States. The study situates ShariaWiz within the framework of fiqh al-aqalliyyat (jurisprudence of Muslim minorities) and confirms the platform implements all four Sunni madhhabs (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) within U.S. estate law.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "academic_validation", "source": "Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum", "sourceAuthor": "Fitri Nurulita, Neilta Melkiatia, Maulana Achsan Al Farisi, Muhamad Alvian", "sourceUrl": "https://asy-syirah.uin-suka.com/index.php/AS/article/view/1642", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Essential credibility signal for /islamic-prenup, /islamic-will, and /estate-planning. Cited in hero trust bars, source transparency blocks, and provider profiles. Distinguishes ShariaWiz from competitors that lack independent academic validation.", "tags": [ "academic_paper", "peer_review", "shariawiz", "fiqh_al_aqalliyyat", "faraid", "estate_planning", "credibility" ], "keyEntities": [ "ShariaWiz", "Asy-Syir'ah Journal", "UIN Sunan Kalijaga", "Fitri Nurulita", "Yusuf al-Qaradawi", "Taha Jabir al-Alwani" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [ { "name": "Sharia Wiz", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/providers/sharia-wiz" } ], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "6379cc79-u-s-regulatory-challenges-for-islamic-finance", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/6379cc79-u-s-regulatory-challenges-for-islamic-finance", "title": "U.S. Regulatory Challenges for Islamic Finance", "summary": "Analysis of the key regulatory hurdles facing Islamic finance in the U.S., including tax treatment, property ownership rules, Shariah governance gaps, and state-level variances.", "category": "regulatory", "subcategory": "compliance_challenges", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Critical reference for regulatory explainer content, policy articles, and addressing consumer trust questions.", "tags": [ "regulatory", "tax_treatment", "shariah_governance", "compliance", "aaoifi", "occ", "state_law" ], "keyEntities": [ "OCC", "AAOIFI", "SEC", "ERISA" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "aaoifi", "term": "AAOIFI", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/aaoifi" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "ebacb15a-islamic-finance-and-esg-sri-natural-alignment-and-shared-values", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/ebacb15a-islamic-finance-and-esg-sri-natural-alignment-and-shared-values", "title": "Islamic Finance and ESG/SRI: Natural Alignment and Shared Values", "summary": "How Islamic finance principles naturally overlap with ESG and socially responsible investing, creating cross-over appeal.", "category": "investing", "subcategory": "esg_alignment", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Powerful content angle for broadening audience beyond Muslim readers. Useful for 'Islamic finance for non-Muslims' and ESG comparison content.", "tags": [ "esg", "sri", "ethical_investing", "convergence", "non_muslim_appeal", "values_alignment" ], "keyEntities": [ "ESG", "SRI" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "16a223ac-fintech-opportunities-in-u-s-islamic-finance", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/16a223ac-fintech-opportunities-in-u-s-islamic-finance", "title": "Fintech Opportunities in U.S. Islamic Finance", "summary": "How technology — smart contracts, blockchain, robo-advisors, digital platforms — can accelerate U.S. Islamic finance adoption.", "category": "general", "subcategory": "fintech", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Content angle for fintech/innovation articles. Positions HalalWallet itself as part of this digital transformation narrative.", "tags": [ "fintech", "blockchain", "robo_advisors", "smart_contracts", "digital_platforms", "innovation" ], "keyEntities": [ "blockchain", "smart contracts", "robo-advisors" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "6a022448-istisna-a-ijara-transaction-structure-maconda-park-and-truman-park", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/6a022448-istisna-a-ijara-transaction-structure-maconda-park-and-truman-park", "title": "Istisna'a-Ijara Transaction Structure: Maconda Park and Truman Park", "summary": "Detailed case study of the Istisna'a-Ijara financing model used in U.S. real estate projects Maconda Park (2000) and Truman Park (2001).", "category": "home_financing", "subcategory": "advanced_structures", "source": "Hassan, M.K., Hoque, M.R., & Rabbani, M.R.", "sourceAuthor": "Mohammad Kabir Hassan, Mohammad Rezoanul Hoque, Mustafa Raza Rabbani", "sourceUrl": "https://doi.org/10.52747/aqujie.5.2.430", "sourceDate": "2025-12-01", "usRelevance": "Demonstrates sophistication of Islamic finance in U.S. real estate. Useful for advanced explainer content and credibility-building articles.", "tags": [ "istisna", "ijara", "case_study", "real_estate", "spv", "construction_finance", "advanced" ], "keyEntities": [ "Maconda Park", "Truman Park" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "348121b5-fiqh-council-of-north-america-2019-fatwa-permitting-organ-donation-for-", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/348121b5-fiqh-council-of-north-america-2019-fatwa-permitting-organ-donation-for-", "title": "Fiqh Council of North America 2019 fatwa permitting organ donation for Muslim Americans", "summary": "In March 2019, the Fiqh Council of North America (FCNA) issued a fatwa permitting and encouraging Muslim Americans to register as organ donors. The reasoning rests on rahmah (mercy), maslaha (public benefit), and the Quranic principle that saving one life is as if one has saved all of humanity (5:32).", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "end_of_life_decisions", "source": "Fiqh Council of North America", "sourceAuthor": "Fiqh Council of North America (FCNA)", "sourceUrl": "https://fiqhcouncil.org/", "sourceDate": "2019-03-01", "usRelevance": "Cited in /islamic-will#faqs and the canonical answer on organ donation. Underpins the recommendation for U.S. Muslims to combine an Islamic will with a healthcare directive that records donation preferences.", "tags": [ "fatwa", "organ_donation", "end_of_life", "healthcare_directive", "fiqh_council", "imana", "rahmah", "maslaha" ], "keyEntities": [ "Fiqh Council of North America", "IMANA", "Quran 5:32", "Maslaha", "Sadaqah Jariyah" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "maslaha", "term": "Maslaha", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/maslaha" }, { "slug": "sadaqah-jariyah", "term": "Sadaqah Jariyah", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/sadaqah-jariyah" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "53d06e97-al-azhar-1982-fatwa-on-autopsies-under-islamic-law", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/53d06e97-al-azhar-1982-fatwa-on-autopsies-under-islamic-law", "title": "Al-Azhar 1982 fatwa on autopsies under Islamic law", "summary": "The 1982 Al-Azhar fatwa, building on earlier guidance from Sheikh Muhammad Hasanayn Makhluf (Egypt, 1950s), permitted autopsies under specific conditions: when required by law, when medical students would learn from them, or when needed to control a contagious disease. The reasoning rests on maslaha (public benefit).", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "end_of_life_decisions", "source": "Al-Azhar University (Cairo)", "sourceAuthor": "Al-Azhar Fatwa Committee (building on Sheikh Muhammad Hasanayn Makhluf)", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": "1982-01-01", "usRelevance": "Cited in /islamic-will#faqs (autopsy question) and the canonical answer on autopsies. Important for Muslim Americans because U.S. coroner law sometimes requires autopsies; understanding the fiqh position helps families respond appropriately.", "tags": [ "fatwa", "autopsy", "end_of_life", "al_azhar", "maslaha", "burial" ], "keyEntities": [ "Al-Azhar University", "Muhammad Hasanayn Makhluf", "Maslaha" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "maslaha", "term": "Maslaha", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/maslaha" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] }, { "slug": "5a6567b8-washington-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/5a6567b8-washington-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "title": "Washington intestacy law for Muslim families — primary source data", "summary": "Washington is a community-property state. A spouse and children: spouse takes all community property and half of separate property; children take half of separate property. A spouse and parents: spouse takes all community property and 3/4 of separate property; parents take 1/4 of separate property.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "state_intestacy", "source": "Revised Code of Washington Title 11, Ch. 11.04", "sourceAuthor": "State of Washington (legislature)", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": null, "usRelevance": "Primary source data for /islamic-prenup/washington state page intestacy table.", "tags": [ "state_intestacy", "estate_planning", "wa", "community-property", "muslim_americans" ], "keyEntities": [ "Washington", "Faraid", "Intestacy" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "faraid", "term": "Faraid", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/faraid" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [ "WA" ] }, { "slug": "a0f757af-new-york-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/a0f757af-new-york-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "title": "New York intestacy law for Muslim families — primary source data", "summary": "New York is an equitable-distribution state. A spouse and children: spouse takes the first $50,000 plus half of the balance; descendants take the rest. A spouse but no children: spouse takes everything. Parents excluded when children survive.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "state_intestacy", "source": "New York Estates, Powers & Trusts Law § 4-1.1", "sourceAuthor": "State of New York (legislature)", "sourceUrl": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EPT/4-1.1", "sourceDate": null, "usRelevance": "Primary source data for /islamic-prenup/new-york state page intestacy table.", "tags": [ "state_intestacy", "estate_planning", "ny", "equitable-distribution", "muslim_americans" ], "keyEntities": [ "New York", "Faraid", "Intestacy" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "faraid", "term": "Faraid", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/faraid" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [ "NY" ] }, { "slug": "ee07b2d6-new-jersey-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/ee07b2d6-new-jersey-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "title": "New Jersey intestacy law for Muslim families — primary source data", "summary": "New Jersey is an equitable-distribution state. A spouse with shared children and no other-relationship children inherits everything. A spouse with shared children but the spouse has children from another relationship: spouse takes 1/4 (between $50K and $200K) plus 1/2 of the balance; your children take the rest.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "state_intestacy", "source": "New Jersey Statutes Annotated 3B:5-1 to 3B:5-14.1", "sourceAuthor": "State of New Jersey (legislature)", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": null, "usRelevance": "Primary source data for /islamic-prenup/new-jersey state page intestacy table.", "tags": [ "state_intestacy", "estate_planning", "nj", "equitable-distribution", "muslim_americans" ], "keyEntities": [ "New Jersey", "Faraid", "Intestacy" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "faraid", "term": "Faraid", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/faraid" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [ "NJ" ] }, { "slug": "789ef76c-florida-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/789ef76c-florida-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "title": "Florida intestacy law for Muslim families — primary source data", "summary": "Florida is an equitable-distribution state with a 30% elective share. A spouse with shared children only inherits everything. A spouse with children from outside the marriage: spouse takes 1/2 of intestate property; children take 1/2. Parents excluded when children survive.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "state_intestacy", "source": "Florida Statutes §§ 732.101 to 732.111", "sourceAuthor": "State of Florida (legislature)", "sourceUrl": "http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0700-0799/0732/0732ContentsIndex.html", "sourceDate": null, "usRelevance": "Primary source data for /islamic-prenup/florida state page intestacy table.", "tags": [ "state_intestacy", "estate_planning", "fl", "equitable-distribution", "muslim_americans" ], "keyEntities": [ "Florida", "Faraid", "Intestacy" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "faraid", "term": "Faraid", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/faraid" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [ "FL" ] }, { "slug": "3352f0df-california-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/3352f0df-california-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "title": "California intestacy law for Muslim families — primary source data", "summary": "California is a community-property state with elaborate intestacy rules. A spouse and one child split separate property 50/50; spouse takes all community property. With two or more children, spouse takes 1/3 of separate property and children take 2/3.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "state_intestacy", "source": "California Probate Code §§ 6400-6414 + §§ 100-101", "sourceAuthor": "State of California (legislature)", "sourceUrl": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codesTOCSelected.xhtml?tocCode=PROB", "sourceDate": null, "usRelevance": "Primary source data for /islamic-prenup/california state page intestacy table.", "tags": [ "state_intestacy", "estate_planning", "ca", "community-property", "muslim_americans" ], "keyEntities": [ "California", "Faraid", "Intestacy" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "faraid", "term": "Faraid", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/faraid" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [ "CA" ] }, { "slug": "a29b01a7-arizona-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/a29b01a7-arizona-intestacy-law-for-muslim-families-primary-source-data", "title": "Arizona intestacy law for Muslim families — primary source data", "summary": "Arizona is a community-property state; intestacy rules separate community and separate property. A spouse with children from a prior relationship inherits half of the deceased's separate property and none of the deceased's half of community property.", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "state_intestacy", "source": "Arizona Revised Statutes Title 14, Ch. 2 (Intestate Succession)", "sourceAuthor": "State of Arizona (legislature)", "sourceUrl": null, "sourceDate": null, "usRelevance": "Primary source data for /islamic-prenup/arizona state page intestacy table.", "tags": [ "state_intestacy", "estate_planning", "az", "community-property", "muslim_americans" ], "keyEntities": [ "Arizona", "Faraid", "Intestacy" ], "linkedGlossary": [ { "slug": "faraid", "term": "Faraid", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/glossary/faraid" } ], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [ "AZ" ] }, { "slug": "df12a75b-hadith-on-the-obligation-to-write-a-will-sahih-al-bukhari-2738-sahih-mu", "url": "https://www.halalwallet.us/insights/df12a75b-hadith-on-the-obligation-to-write-a-will-sahih-al-bukhari-2738-sahih-mu", "title": "Hadith on the obligation to write a will (Sahih al-Bukhari 2738, Sahih Muslim 1627)", "summary": "The Prophetic narration most often cited by contemporary Muslim American scholars as establishing the obligation to write an Islamic will. Narrated by Abdullah ibn Umar in both Sahih al-Bukhari (2738) and Sahih Muslim (1627).", "category": "estate_planning", "subcategory": "scriptural_basis", "source": "Sahih al-Bukhari / Sahih Muslim", "sourceAuthor": "Prophet Muhammad ź (narrated by Abdullah ibn Umar)", "sourceUrl": "https://sunnah.com/bukhari:2738", "sourceDate": null, "usRelevance": "Primary scriptural basis for the obligation to make an Islamic will. Cited on /islamic-will, /blog/islamic-will-before-hajj-2026, and /blog/hajj-2026-preparation-checklist-muslim-families. Anchors the Hajj urgency banner.", "tags": [ "hadith", "wasiyyah", "scriptural_basis", "estate_planning", "hajj", "obligation" ], "keyEntities": [ "Prophet Muhammad", "Abdullah ibn Umar", "Sahih al-Bukhari", "Sahih Muslim" ], "linkedGlossary": [], "linkedProviders": [], "linkedStates": [] } ], "totalRecords": 34 }